Telephone-exchange system.



W. P. ALEERI.

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED nzc. 16, L912.

2 1,212,728. latentedJan. 16,1917.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

fish Nam W. P. ALBERT. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

9 SHEETS-SHEET s.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-16. 1912.

3 w a um. H 19 H.111 3w, F vwmi p sbzs fi win Irma w. P. ALB-5R1.

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM.

Patented Jan. \16, 191 7.

APPLICATION FlLED DEC. l6| l9l2- 9 SHEETS-SHEET 4 w. P. ALBERT. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM.

' APPLICATION FILED DEC. l6, I912- v 1,212,728. Patented Jan. 16,1917.

W. P. ALBERT. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-1E, 1912.

Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 6- W. P. ALBERT. T LEPHON EXCHANGE SYSTEM. APPLIQATION FILED DEC-16. I912.

' Patented Jan. 16, 1917 s SHEETS-SHEET i.

W. P ALBERT. TELEPHONE axcumss'svsrm.

. APPLICATION FILED DEC- lfii I912 I 1 212 728 1 Patented; Jan. 16,1917.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 8- W. P.' ALBERT. TELEPHONE EXCHANGE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED DEC- 16, 1912.

Patefited Jan. 16, 1917.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

WW WN Mm 9424f useful UNITED STATES PATENT carica- WALTER P. ALBERT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO"

' JAMES R. GARFIELD, TRUSTEE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

rnnnrnona-nxonancn SYSTEM.

Specificationof Letters Patent.

Application filed December 16, 1912. Serial No. 737,100.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WALTER P., ALBERT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and Improvements in Telephone-E change Systems, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates change systems especially to that class wherein automatic switching mechanism is employed for eli'ecting connections between subscribers.

My invention in particular relates to the combination of automatic and manual.

exchanges. I term as automatic an exchange where the subscribers stations are with dials or sending devices for operating the switching mechanism. By the term manual I mean an exchange wherein operators are employed to effect connections between'the calling and called subscribers. The operator at the .manual exchange v through regular multiple jacks in the ordinary manner, or,-by providing the operators with dials or'sending devices, the connections can be completed by automatic switches.

In the present. instance I have shown my invention in connection with what is known as a twowire automatic system. In systems ofthis class grounds at the subscribers? equipped .stations are dispensed with and the impulses making and breaking transmitted by simply At the automatic exthe metallic circuit;

. change, these impulses are regulated, or consystem as disclosed in the trolled,

while the impulses are being transmitted.

I have shown my invention in, connectlon with circuits of a Post Ofice Elec-- ,-,tm'cal Engineers Journal July 19, 1912,

vol. 5, page 2, published by thelnstitution of Post Office Electrical Engineers of London, England. The circuits shown in this publication are of a type similar to those "shown in English patentto Dicker, No.

In systems where automatic and manual switch boards ,are operated in conjunction, it is often desirable for the subscriber in the automatic exchange to signal, or become connected with a manual switchboard.

to telephone excan complete the connections by means of quick and slow acting ,relays; the latterremaining unresponsive ment termlnating' 1n a. line or- I switch at the 'autornatic'exchange Fig; 2' shows the circuits of a first selector switch. Fig. 3 shows" the circuits of a connector i,

two-wire automatic 0 switch. Fig. 4 shows the line or "primary 'matic exchange is connected to a menu 7 r;

the arrangement",

exchange. of the circuits'where individual jacks and? Patented Jan. 16, 1917.

One feature of my present invention is the manner in which an automatic sub- SWllLCll-bOiLl'Cl by simply removing his receiver, and without operating the sending device. The line is first automatically connected to a first selectorswitch through the medium of a suitable primary switch. This function is performed regardless of whether. the subscriber wishes to operate his sending device, or whether he wishes to beconie connected to a manual exchange.

scriber becomes connected to a manual "j After his line is connected to a first selector switch by means of the primary selector switch,

then a seconda'ry switch, after a; delayed.

interval, automatically picks out the first selector switch.

disclosed, can by a first selector to which she has access.

vice, and by omitting the first selector switches. can be provided with suitable signaling devices and associated answering jacks located before the Upon receiving the signal, the. operator by means of an ordinary cord-cirj from the leading to the first selector switch to '21, multiple jack leading to the called sub-' operators.

cuit, jack can complete the connection scribers line.

'My invention is illustrated in the accoin I panying drawings wherein:

Figure '1 shows asubscr1 P f ary switch of a called subscribers line. Fig. shows a time element and control circuit-b means of which the subscriber in the "ant Fig. 5 shows Fig. 5" shows the arrangement of the circuits for connecting the subscriber in the automatic exchange to another subscriber by means of multiple jacks. Fig. 6 shows the bers line eq uip- I,

. signals are provlded for the first selectorsk'f'io Fig. 7 shows the arrangement of the variousfigures when the secondary switch (Fig. 6)

is used. Fig. 8 shows the arrangement of the various figures when the modification (Fig. 5") is used. Fig. 9 shows the arrangement of various figures "when-the modification (Fig. 5") is used.

Referring now to Fig. 1, the subscribers station at 'A. is equipped with apparatus usual in common battery systems and in addition is provided with a suitable sending device shown at X for making and breaking the. metallic line circuit and short-circuiting the talking circuit of the subscriber.

T he line wires from the subscribers station terminate in a line or primary switch. Each subscribers linehas an individual line switch and one row of contacts for its particular use. The subscribers line is multipled to the row of: contacts. In ordinary practice there would be ten sets of contacts to the row so that the line can be come connected to any one of ten first selectors. When the line switch is operated by the subscriber removing his receiver, the plunger enters an idle set of contacts and so connects his line to a first selector switch. Immediately after this connection is effected, the remaining plungers belonging to other subscribers line switches, are shifted by means of a master switch and brought in line with, the next idle first selector contacts. In the present instance I have not illustrated the master switch as it is fully described and disclosed in the publication, and English patent previously referred to.

The line switch comprises a four coil relay,

the coils. being shown at 1, 2, 3, and 4. The

line coil 4 is operated when the calling sub scribers receiver is removed and attracts the armature 7. The operation of this armature completes the circuit of coils 1 and 3.

' As soon as these windings are energized,

both the 'armatures 5 and 6 are operated. The armature 5 disconnects the linecoil 4. The action of the armature 6 causes the plunger to enter the bank andconnect the calling subscriber to an idle first selector switch, such asshown in Fig. 2.. At the end of the plunger stroke, the contacts 8 are made, thereby short-circuiting the holding coil'3, and the line coil armature 7 ,falls back, which. opens the circuit of the. pull down coil 1. When the plunger of the lineswitch enters the bank connecting the calling line to the first selector switch, then. the

line relay containing the windings 48, 49 is energized. The operation of this relay closes the circuit of relay 52 "which in tuirn connects ground to the trunk release wire 20, thereby rendering the first selectorbusy andals'o closing the circuit of the coil 2 of the line switch. 'The circuit of this coil being kept closedholds the plunger into a breaks at the subscribers station.

.responding to impulses from 'the subscribers station. The relays shown with a portion hatched are slow acting relays and do not respond to the quick makes and 64 is a vertical magnet and 55 a rotary magnet of the first selector switch while 47 is the release magnet. In this figure I have added a relay 41 and a battery supply retardavtion coil, provided with the windin s 42 and 62 for supplying current to the cal ing. subscriber when the operator is directing the movement of the switches. Relay 41 'is energized at this period and opens the tip and sleeve conductors and connects the battery supply retardation c'oil across the calling end. The contacts ii and 45 are closed at the first vertical step of the switch D.

Referring now to Fig. 3 the connector switch is shown at E. 95 is the vertical magnet; 96 the rotary magnet, and 93 the release magnet. 84: is the private magnet while the relay equipped with windings 85 and 86 is the back bridge relay. The line relay is equipped with windings 87 and 88 and responds to impulses from the subscribers sending device. 89 is the back release'relay for placing the release under control of the called subscriber. S9 is the re lease relay and 98 the ringing relay, operated intermittently to connect generator current to the called line. 90 is the relay for cutting off the ringing current after the called party answers.- 92 is the busy relay for testing the condition of a called-for line. The contacts 99 and 100 are closed at the first vertical step'of the switch E.

The side switches shown at 80, 81, 97, and 103 are operated in the manner usual with switches of the Stronger type, their stepping being controlled by the action of the private relay, or magnet. 1

-Referring to Fig. l the circuits are the same as shown in Fig. 1,'and need not be described.

Referring now to Fig. 5, the time element switch for causing an automatic subscriber to become connected so as to signal anoperator after suitable interval, is shown at Y.

.This switch is equipped with two banks of.

128, having its circuitinterrupted by"suitable commutator 130. This commutator can be so timed that the stepping of the switch Y can be regulated to step at any desired speed. Relay'125 is the starting relay energized when the calling subscriber becomes connected to a first selector switch, liteley 127 is energized when the wiper of the switch Y reaches a contact 138 which is rendered active or grounded by the action of relay 126. As soon as relayf127 becomes energized, then relay 129 has its circuit closed by the wiper of the switch Y, engaging a contact 139. Relay 129 cannot become energizedunless relay 127 is operated and until the wiper of the switch Y takes a certain number of ste 's thereafter. The

contacts 138 and 139'can' so wired that the of the switch W is brought into action and.

causes the switch to rotate in search of an idle secondary switch H. The contacts 149 of the switch W serve to render the row contact. of the switch H active, or, in condition to be selected. Relay 134 is operated by relay 129 and connects ground to one terminal of relay 137, the other terminal being connected to individual test contacts in banks of the secondary switches H. 132

. is the test relay which operates when an idle secondaryswitch' is picked out and when so operated disconnectsor opens the circuit of the stepping magnet 136 causing the switch W'to come to rest with its wi ers on contacts leading to an idlesecondary switch.

When relay 137 is operated upon the switch H reaching the individual contact to which it is connected, then relay133 is deenergized causing ground to be removed from the row contact of the switch H. Wires162-163.

are connected to the tip and sleeve conductors of the first selector switch and tenminate in the bank contacts of the switch H. The impulses are transmitted over thesetwo wires to operate the various selector and connector switches.

6, the secondary switch Referring to Hi This switch is of a twois shown at H. 1

motion type. It first steps in a rotary di- "rection to pick out the group in which the calling trunk is located, after which it steps vertically until theindividual test contact with which the calling trunk is associated,

is found. 202, is thefrow wiper which engages the row contacts while 'the switch is rotating. There is a single row contact for each'group of ten individual contacts. In

order for the switch to pick out the calling trunk, it first rotates to ick out the group of ten trunk! in which e calling trunk is located, after which the switch steps vertically until the trunk in the group fi g of ten is located. 21 ;is the row test relay connection to the row wipe 202. 235 is the .sending device, or dial, is shown at 255 ;and is connected to the tip and sleeve conductors 1 calling subscriber. ,The action of this key extinguishes lamp 260, but at the same time naling the operator at the manual switchboard. The operator is provided with cord the trunk jacks associated with' the calling lines to multi 1e jacks leading to' lines of scribers lines are connected after a suitabl interval to the trunk 'acks by means of th individual test relay and opperates when the wiper 203 engages an active contact. 205 is the starting relay for causing the switch. H to step. This relay is energized assoon as the switch W picks out theidle switch H. 215 is the rotary magnet and 220 the vertical magnet- 225 is the interrupter relay for causing the automatic action or step,- ping of the yertical and rotary magnets. i 260 is the signal lamp which is caused to lightby the action of relay 235.. 240 is the release magnet of the switch H which has its circuit controlled by the action of relay 230; this latter relay beingenergized orcontrolled by the operator, The operators 'when the key 250 is operated. When the key 215 is operated, the operators telephone set is connected across the tip and sleeve conductors allowing her to converse with the i causes; lamp 265 to light.- After'the operator builds up the connection from the call-' ing to the called subscriber, sherestores both keys 2&5 and 250 to their normal position, thus restoring the/secondary switch H pre- H venting her listening to or interfering with the conversation.

Referring to Fig. 5, a modification of V Figs. 5 and 6 is shown. In this modification, the secondary switch and the control switcli-W are dispensed with, and the wires from the first selector switches are now permanently connected to trunk jacks provided, with suitable signal lamps located beii fore operators. A control switch Y acting in the same manner as that in Fig. 5 connects the automatic subscribers line after a delayed interval to the trunk jack, thus sig circuits, with associated keys, for answering the calling subscriber and for controlling" the automaticswitches. 0

Referring to Fig. '5" still another modification is shown wherein the first selector switches are connected to, trunk jacks but instead of the operator being provided with a sending device for controlling; the auto matic. switchcs,she is provided Wlth pairs of cord circuits for effecting connections from called subscri ers. 'The automatic sub time element switch in the same mann'e as described in connection with Fig. 5. Y

Referring to Fi 5, 6, 5 and 5", the time element switches V are individual to a first selector switch Fig. 2. The switch W, (Fig.

5;) can be common to a group of. one hundred switches. The number of H switches depends upon the number of contacts in the switch-WV. If the switch 1V is provided with ten contacts, there will be ten H switches.

These H switches can be distributed among a number of operators at the manual switchboard.

The grouping and number of switches provided can be arranged to suit conditions.

Instead of forming the Y switches'into groups of one hundred, they can be formed into smaller groups, each group controlling its own WV switch.

. operates a set of contact springs, and disconnects the line coil 4. The action of the armatu're 6 causes theplunger to enter the bank contacts and connect the calling subscriber to an idle first selector switch, as shown in F ig. 2. At the end of the plunger stroke, contacts 8 are operated, thereby short-circuiting coil 3, and the line coil armature 7 falls back, which opens the circuit of the coil 1.

W'hen the plunger of "the line switch enters the bank contacts, the calling line is to the portion 171 of the switch Y as folconnected to a first selector switch, thereby operating the line relay, proy ided with the windings 18 and 19. The operation ot'this' line relay closes the circuitof relay 52 in series with relay 50. The operation of relay 52 connects ground to the release trunk wire 20, thereby completing the circuit of the winding 2 of the line switch relay, through the contacts of the bank 10. This ground also renders the first selector switch busy against other calls. The operation of relay 52 closes the circuit of relay 126, (Fig. 5) as follows: ground, 140, 126 to battery B. Relay 126 operating connects ground to. the winding of the stepping magnet 128 which thereupon, under the influence of the commutator 130, causes the switch Y to step. The action of relay 126 also connects ground lows: ground, back contacts of relay 137, 154, back contacts of relay 129, 143, contacts of relay 126, 166, 171. The wiper of the switch Y connects the portion 171 to the contacts to which the wire 155 is connected. As soon as such a connection is efi'ected, rela 127 is operated. The operation of this re ay connects ground to the portion 172 of the switch Y and when the wiper of this portion reaches contact to" which the Wire 1 14 is connected, the circuit of relay 129 is closed. The operation of this relay opens the circuit of relay to ground.

the circuit of relay 127 by removing the ground from its locking contact. The operation of relay 129 closes the'circuit of relay 131 and this latter relay in turn closes 131. The operation of relay 131 completes the .circuit of the stepping magnet 136 of the switch V as follows: battery B, 136, contacts of relay 135, 156, contacts of relay 131, 151, back contacts of relay 132, 161, back contacts of relay 133 The switch WV will continue to .rotate until an idle secondary switch is reached, whereupon the circuits of relays 205, 132 are completed as follows: ground, contacts of relay 131, 150, 132, 1-17, 148, 146, 205, 211, cam springs 212, to battery B. The operating of relay 132 opens the circuit of the stepping magnet 136 causing the switch W to cease rotating. The operation of relay 132 completes the circuit of relay 133, as follows: ground, contact of relay 132, 152, contacts of relay 137, 133 to battery B. The operating of relay 133 connects' ground between the winding of re lay- 132, and relay 205, thereby shunting the-.

former. The operation of relay 205, completes the circuit of'the rotary magnet 215, as follows: battery B, coil 270, back contacts of relay 235, 219, contacts of relay 205, 229, contacts of relay 225, 228 back contacts of relay 210, 215 to ground. The operation of the rotary magnet causes the switch H to rotate until the wiper 202 engages the active rowcontact, whereupon the circuit of relay 210 is completed as follows: battery B, coil 270, back contacts of relay 235, 219, contacts of relay 205, 229, 210, 231, 202, 149, 15s to ground through the contacts of relay133. The operating of relay-210 disconnects the rotary magnet and in its place connects the vertical-magnet, causing the switclrH to step vertically until the individual test contact is reached. As soon as this contact is food, the circuit of relay 235 is completed as Iollows: battery B, 235, 238, contacts of relay 210, 236, 203, 145, 137, 157, to ground, through the contacts of relay 134. The operation of relay 235 prevents further action of either the rotary, or vertical magnet: of the switch H, thereby causing this switch to come to rest with its wipers engaging contacts leading to the calling trunk. Relay 235 also in acting, closes the circuit of the signal lamp 260 as follows: ground, contacts of key 245, 242, contacts of relay 135, 227, 260, to battery B. The operation of relay 13?. opens the circuit of relay 133 and this latter relay fallin back removes the shunt from relay 132, and also removes ground from the row contact in the switch H. The operation of relay 137 alsoremoves ground from the locking contact of relay 129, thereby unlocking it. .This relay falling back unlocks rela 134, which in turn, opens the circuit of re W 131, and

gized, ground is connected to the trunk rea lease wire so as, to hold the first selector switch busy in case the calling subscriber should hang up his receiver, after the switch Y performs its functions. The foregoing so that the relay, 129 of vized will cause the switch H- to find the ca ling trunk, regardup his receiver or not.

If the subscriber had operated his dial before relay 129 became energized, then the line relay of the first selector switch (Fig. 2 rould become disconnected after its wor was completed. In this event, 1-elay 52 would. become de 'nergized and prevntany action of the switch Y.

The line relay (Fig. 2) is held energized after the secondary switch becomesconnected to the calling trunk as follows: battery 15,48, contacts of relay 43, 163, 200, 214, contacts of key 2-15, coil 241, contactsof relay 210, 218, contacts of relay 230, 217 contacts ofkey 245, 216, 201, 162, contacts of relay '43, 49 to ground. The energizing 'of the line relay in this manner-closes the circuit of re lay 52 which in turn renders the trunk re: lease wire 20, busy, after relay 129, (Fig. 5) falls backf 260, operates key 245, thereby connecting her telephone set in place ofthe resistance coil 24:1. By means of the telephone set, the line relay (Fig. 2) is held energized. The operation of key 245 disconnectslamp 260, but, causes lamp 265 to light instead. After conversin with the subscriber at the automatic exc ange and finding that he wishes to converse withanother subscriber in the automatic exchange, she operates the key J 250, thereby disconnecting her telephone set and'in'its place connecting a suitable dial, or, sending device 255. By operating this gial, she can complete the connection "leans of the automatic switches in the same 'manner as though the connection were being built up by the subscriber operating his dia or sending device. The operating of key 250 closes the circuit 5 f relay 11, (Fig. 2) i {as follows: ground, contacts of key 250, 243, v 204, 141, 41, to battery B. The operation of i this relay severs the trunk conductors, but connects the retardation coil to the calling severing the conductors the callin subscriber is prevented from hearing 't e 1m pulses. he operator bymanipulating the dial causes the line relay (Fig. 2). to respond to the impulses. At each operation of the line'relay the circuit of the vertical magnet 5 64 is completed in' series with. relay 53 I the contacts of relay 52.

less of whether the calling subscriber hangs a The ground at the contact of relay-52 from the rotary magnet and the The operator after receiving the signalsubscriber in place of the line relay. By a through the contacts of relays 43 and 52. At each break of the line relay, the vertical magnet is operated and the spindle carrying the wipers, steps vertically until the proper row of contacts is reached. Relay 52 will not fall back due to the makes and breaks caused by the action of the line relay. Relay 53 responds to the first impulse, andcloses the circuit of relay 54, which locks itself to ground through the contacts 6 1 and After the first group of impulses have been transmitted, the armature of relay 53 falls back, and the rotary magnet circuit is closed through the contacts 50, contacts of D,'contacts 61, and contacts of relay 52. V

The rotary magnet the wipers move to pick out the first idle contact in the bank. The rotary armature of the rotary magnet breaks its own circuit at and 61 momentarily, just before the private wiper 57 reaches the test contact.

is thus removed private wiper circuits and, if the trunk is engaged, the test contact will be grouhded, and consequently the relay 54 remains ene r gized. On the restoration ,of contacts 50 and 61, the rotary magnet will again be operated and so on, until the rotary magnet circuit is broken at the contacts 50 and 61 and the circuit of the riand 61 are completed again thdcircuit of'the line switching relay 43 is completed through the contacts 44, thereby removing the line relav from the trunk conductors.

The relay 52 is slowiacting and holds the grounded contact long enough for the line switching relay 43 to be operated. The act] on of the lineswitching relay connects the calling subscribers line through te the COI1I1(5- tor. The connectors line relay operates and closes the circuit of the release relay, WlllGll an idle trunk is, found. WVhen such an idle trunk is found,

is now operated and in turn connectsground to therelease trunk 1 wireand holds the first selector line switching relay 43 energized and also the bridge cut-off coil. 2 of the line switch energized. The energizing of the :line relay provided with the windings 87 and 88 completes the circuit of the release relay 89. The operation of this latter relay connects ground to the trunk release wire 76 thus rendering the connector busy against other calls. The op erator now operating the calling device causes the line relay to respond according to the numberof impulses tral'ismitted. The operation of thisyrelay closes the circuit of the vertical magnet. 95 through the upper contacts of relay-S9 in series with the series relay 91 and contacts of side switch 9 7. Re-

, layis transmitting the impulses. It will be noted that the impulses for operating the vertical magnet are delivered when the line rela' makes its back stroke. The operation oft e vertical magnet 95 causes the spindle E carrying the wipers to step vertically and come opposite the row of contacts selected.

The operation of the series relay 91 connects and 84 to fall back. The private relay 84 the third time again operates the line relay fallingback, causes the four side switches 80, 81, 97 and 103 to be shifted to the second contact by a mechanical operation. The operator now in operating the calling device which in turn completes the circuit of the rotar magnet 96 through the side switch 97, there y causing the sw1tch E to rotate and bring its wipers into engagement with contacts leading to the called him. Relays 91 and 84 are again energized. If the called line isbusy, then when the series relay 91 falls back, the circuit of the private relay 84 will be closed through the contacts of relay 91 in series with the windin and contacts of the busy relay 92. The usy relay 92 operating locks both itself and the relay 84 through the oil-normal contact springs 99,

f-which were operated at the first vertical step of the switch E. The operation of the busy relay connects a suitable busy tonetest to the calling subscriber through the second contact of the" side switch 81.

The calling subscriber upon receiving the busy tone test hangs up his receiver thereby opening the line circuit and the line re- .lay of the connector is deenergized and the release magnet 93 is energized through the off-normal cam springs 100, thereby causing the switch E to return to its normal position. If the caller-for line is idle, then the private relay circuit is broken and this relay in falling back causes the side switches to move 'to their third, or final position. The called subscribers test contact is now grounded through the side switch 103, therey rendering his line busy against other calls. This ground, besides rendering the line busy, operates the bridge cut-oil. relay at the called subscribers line switch ('Fig. 4). The armature corresponding to 5 (Fig. 1)

is pulled down but the plunger is not affected.

After the connection is completed the ringin relay 98 is operated as follows: groun ringing interrupter to wire 110, contacts of relay 90, 98, third contact of the side switch 97 to battery B. The action of the ringing interrupter causes the ringing relay to intermittently apply current to the called line. The subscriber renaming his receiver during the non-ringing interval closes the circuit of the back bridge "relay provided with the windings and 86'. Th. operation of this relay closes the'circuitof the ring cutrofi' relay 90, which is operatedf and locked so as to prevent any further ac tion of the ringing relay 98. -The of the back bridge relay also connects I ings .87 and 88 of the line relay to'the tip and sleeve conductors in reverse order.- Beversing the windings in this manner will operate a meter associated with the calling I line.

Battery supply for the called subscriber is furnished through the back bridge relay coils and the condensers 82 and 83 are interposed between the calling and the called subscribers lines. 8

When the calling subscriber hangs up his receiver, the release ma as follows: ground, bac contacts'of relay S9, 100, 93, 94, to battery B. Theoperation of release magnet restores the switch E to its normal position. the line relay releases the released-clay 89 which in turn -removes ground from the trunk release wire 76 thereby causin the switching relay 43, (Fig. 2)]to fall ack closing the circuit of the release magnet 47 through the ofl'-normal contacts 45. 'The ground being removed from the trunk release wire 7 6 also opens the circuit of the bridge cut-off coil 2 of the line switch (Fig. 1) and the plunger is withdrawn from the bank. The bridge cut-ofl' coil of the called subscriber is also deenergized releasing the armature corresponding to Z," (Fig. 1).

We have now descrlbed how the automatic subscriber becomes connected to a manual switch-board and also the method by which the operator controls the automatic switches. After the connection is established, or when all of the impulses have et 93 is operated been transmitted, the operator restores the;

keys 245 and 250, thereby closing the circuit of the release relay 230 as follows :ground, contacts of 250, 223, contacts of relay 235, 221, contacts of relay 205, 222, 230,- cam springs 212 to battery B. The action of re:

lease relay closes the circuit of the releasemagnet 240, thereby restoring the switch H; 1 to its normal position. The actionof relay 230 also opens the loop formed'by the Wires 162 and 163, which join the tip and sleeve conductors of the first selector switch (Fig.

2). The restoring of the'key 250opens the circuit of relay 41 (Fig. 2) thereby removing the'battery supply retardation coil and connecting the cal ing subscriber to the tip and sleeve conductors of the trunk..- Referring'to the, modification shown in Fig. 5, the automatic subscriber is connected to the first selector switch (Fig. 2) in the manner previously described. After this selection is made the time element switch Y is brought into action and the relay 129 op- I trunk busy against incoming calls.

jackJ in Fig.

tip and sleeve conductors respectively of the first selector switch are connected to the jack J. After the plug P is placed into the jack J, ground is removed from the locking contact of relay 1520, thereby releasing it and "extinguishing the lamp 200. The operator by operating the key 245 connects her tele- 'phone set across the tip and sleeve conductors allowing her to converse with the calllng subscriber.

After getting the desired number she operates key 250. thereby discol'n'iecting her telephone set and in its place,

connecting the dial or sending device 255.

The operation of key 250 connects ground tothe wire 243 causing the lamp 205 to light, and also closes the circuit of theadditional relay 41,1(Fig. 2). The operation of this relay severs thetip and sleeve conductors andmmuects battery supply retardation coil to the calling subscribefis line. The method of operating the -auto1'nat1c switches is 111st the same as previously described. After all of the impulses have been transmitted the o]')erator witlul raws the plug P from the jack J, thereby releasing relay 41 (Fig. 2)

so as to connect the calling subscriber tothe tip and sleeve cmlductors of the trunk. It will be noted that in this n'iodlhcation, the

o 'ierator at the manual switch-board can at anytime place the plug P into an idle trunk *jdbk J and signal any subscriber in the automatic exchange and hold the first selector The trunk held busy by ground being connected to wire 23 (Fig. 1) by contact ofthe a jack J when the plug is inserted.

listening to the modification shown in Fig. 5", the automatic subscriber is connected to the jack J in thesame manner as to The operation of relay 120, which in this instance is a slow acting relay, lights the lamp200 through the normally closed contacts otthe jack J.

The

operator upon getting the signal places the plug l into the jack J. thereby extinguishing lamp 200. The locking circuit of relay 1.25 is maintained throughrelay 315, which a cormected to the third 'condiui'tor of the plug P Relay (Fig. 2) also has its cir cuit maintained through the contacts of. ,jack J thereby disconnecting relay 48-40. Tlhe operator finding that the subscriber 1n the auton'iatic exchange desires to converse with a subscriber 1n themanual exchal'lge, places the plug 1 into one of the multiple lar manner, through the tip of the plug and the sleeve or thimble of the jack. If the called-for line is not busy .the operator. rings by throwing fin-ward the key 320, thereby connecting generator current to the called line. W hen the plu I is placed in the jack J relay 303 18]) acel in series with the c'ut-ofi' relay 312 of the called line- The, operati'bnof relay 312 disconnects the line relay 310. The operation of relay 303 closes the circuit of'relay 300. The operation of this latter relay completes the tip conductor of the cord and disconnects the busy terminal. The operation of relay 306 also closes the circuit of the supervisory-lamp 309 through the back contacts of relay 307. Relay 307 and retardation coil 305, connected respectively to the grounded and free side of battery, furnish talking current to the called subscribers in the manual exchange. i The coil 304and relay 302 connected respectively to the free and grounded side ofbattery supply current to the calling subscriber. \Vhen the-called subscriber answers, relay 307 is energized, thereby extinguishing the supervisory la-mp'309notif ing the operator that'he has answered. I t the end of the conversation the called subscriber hanging up his receiver allows relay 307 to fallback lighting lamp 309 which notifies the operator that he has hung up his receiver. The automatic subscriber upon hanging up his receiver, "releases. the relay 3032. thereby lighting the lamp 308, notifying the. operator that his receiver is hung up.. The operator upon getting these two disconnert signals removes the plug]? from the jack J and the plug l from the jack'fl The removal of the plug P allows relays 129 (Fig. 5) and 43 (Fig. 2) to fall back. The circuit of holding winding 2 (Fig. 1) is also opened allowing the plunger of'the line switch to leave the bank of contacts, thereby restorin gall parts of the line switch to their normal condition. a i

From the modification shown in Figs. 5 5, and 6, it will be noted that the automatic system. can readilybe turned into What is known as a semi-automatic system, by simply removing the sending devices at the subscribers stations, or allowing them to call. as in manual. -exchanges.

By providing enough secondary switches H, and distributing them .amonga force of operators, it willbe possible to operate the equipment at the central ofiice end of the automatic exchange without anyefi'ort on the part of the subscribers, other than v the removal of'the receivers. If this method were carried out, the time elementswitch Y could be arranged to operate quickly so as to prevent loss of time. The timing of the time element switch Y. now is regulated by the average time .it takes a subscriber to- (Fig. 2). This line relay becomes energized as soon as the line switch connects the calling line to the first selector and remains energized, or active, until after the first group of impulses have been sent. After these impulses are sent, this relay is cut oif by the action of relay 43. r r

I claim 1. In a telephone exchange system, the combination of a calling and a called subscribers station, said calling station being equipped with sending means, automatic switches adapted to be controlled by such sending means for establishing a connection between the calling and called lines, an operators position, means responsive to the initiation of a call to connect the calling line to such operators position, and'means controlled by the operation of such sending means to prevent the operation of such connecting means.

2. In a telephone exchange system, the combination of a calling and a called subscribers station, saidcalling station being equipped with a sending device and'the' usual switchhook, automatic switches adapted to be controlled by such sending means for establishing a connection between the calling and called lines, an operators position, means responsive to the operation of the switchhook to connect the calling line to such operators position, means controlled by the subsequent operation of the sending device to prevent the operation of such connecting means.

3. In a telephone exchange system, in combination, a calling and a called subscribers station, automatic switching mechanism, line circuits from said stations ter- .minating in the automatic switching mechanism, means at'the calling station for closing a line c1rcu1t,a sending device at each ,.station for operating the switching mechanism to interconnect the line circuits, an operators positlon, means for connecting the calling hneto the operators position after the line circuit is"closed and on a failure to operate said sending device at the calling station, and means accessible to the operator for completing the connection from the calling to the called subscriber.

4. Ina telephone exchange system the combination of, subscribers lines, impulsesending means associated with certain of said lines, an operators position and means for connecting the lines to the operators position comprising automatic switching mechanism arranged to be rendered active upon origination of a callon one of said lines and on afailure to operate the impulse sending means associated with theline calling and additional means under control of the operator for interconnecting said lines.

5 In a telephone exchange system the combination of calling and called subscribers" lines and stations, impulse sendingmeans associated withthe lines and adapted to be actuated by the subscribers, an operators position and means for connecting a calling subscribers line to the operators position comprising special automatic switching mechanism, means for rendering the special automatic switching mechanism active after an interval and upon a failure of the calling subscriber to operate the send ing means associated with the calling line, a signal atthe operators position adapted to indicate when a calling subscribers line becomes connected to the operators position, and means whereby the operator may complete the connection from the calling to the called. subscriber and release the special automatic switching mechanism.

6. In a telephone exchange system the combination of calling and called subscribers lines and stations associated therewith, impulse sendlng means at the stations and accessible to the subscribers, automatlc switching mechanism including selector andconnector switches responsive to the sending means for interconnecting the lines, an o-perators position, a secondary automatic switch associated with the operators position and special automatic switching mechanism rendered active upon initiation of a call, by a calling subscriber and upon failure of the calling subscriber to operate the Sendingmeans, adapted to actuate said secondary automatic switch to connect 'the calling subscrib ers line with the secondary switch, a signal at the operators position rendered active when the calling subscribers line becomes connected to the secondary switch,

and means accessible to the operator for completing the connection from the calling to the wanted subscriber upon the designation of the latter by the calling subscriber.

7. In a telephone exchange system the combinatidnmfsa calling and a called subscribcrs station, sending means associated with each station, automatic switching mechanism for interconnecting the stations and responsive to the sending devices, an operators position, and means for connecting a calling subs'cribers station tosaid 0perators position upon the origination of a call and a failure to operate the sending means at the calling station comprising, a special automatic switch including banks of contacts, step-by-step actuating meansthem- 'for, and means associated with said special switch for connecting the operators position to the calling line after a predetermined number of steps have been taken by said special switch.

8. In a telephone exchange system the combination of subscribers lines and stat1ons, send1ng means associated with certain of said lines, an 'operators position and means for connecting a calling line to the associated therewith, and means operable after the step-by-step switch has been moved a'predetermined 'nun'ibcrof steps for con. necting thecalling subscribers line with the operators position, and means accessible to the operator for completing the connection from the calling to the called subscriber.

9. In a telephone exchange system the combination of subscribers lines and stations, sending means at certain of the stations, an operators position including sig-' nals, and means operable on initiation or a from the initiation of a call at a subsci "call and on failure of the calling subscriber the sending means at his station,

tooperate for connecting the operators' position automatic idle secondary switch, means for rendering said selecting means operative at the end of a predetermined-intcrval after the call has been initiated, and. means accessiliile to the operator "for completing the connection from the calling to the called subscriber 10. In a teleplume exchange system the combination of subscribers lines and stations associated tl'lerewith, impulse sending means atcertain of the stations, anope'rcalling subscriber to the comprising secondary ,ators position, means for connecting a calli'ng suascribers line to the operators positi on after the lapse of an interval or time iber's station lnivin a sending device associated therewith aniupon failure of the subscriber to operate his sending device, and means including automatic switching mechanism and means for directing the action thereof at the f operators position for position and tclepl'lone completing the connection from the calling tothe called subscriber.

1.1. In a telephone exchange system the con'ibination of callii'ig and called subscribers lines and stations, oi? autmnatio switching mechanism in which said lines terminate, means for sending in'ipulscs at certain of the stations, ll'lelllfiiltt each station for initiating a call inclmlin'gthe usual receiver and. hook therehir, an operators position including hone set and means for connecting a caling line to the OPQHLtOI S an inter tal of time after the subscribers receiver 18 removed from its book and upon i failure of the subscriber to operate the inn ludin .or oppulse sending means at his station ll a sect, ary antouuitic switcl'i, means crating the auton'iatie switching mechann, for coi'npletmg the connectionfrom the call- 1m? to the called sitibscriber including a send switches, means for selecting an after the lapse of.

ing means at the operators position, and means for restoring the secondary switch after the operation of the automatic switching mechanism.

12. In a telephone exchange system the combination of calling and called subscribers lines and stations, impulse sendingmeans at the stations, automatic switching mechanism responsive to said sending means for interconnecting the stations, anoperators position including a telephone set, means for connecting a calling line and station tothe operators position and telephone set upon the origination of a, call and of a failure to operate the sending means attho calling talking current to and means at the oprators position for controlling the completion of the connection station, means for connecting means for connecting one of said calling subscribers stations having a sending means associated therewith to said operators positionupon origination of a call and upon a failure to, operate the sending means including a secondary automatic switch and means for actuating said secondary switch after the lapse of an interval of time from the initiation of a call, means for connecting talking current to the calling subscribers line when. said secoi'idary switch is actuated, and meansat the operators position for directing the trunk switching mechanism to interconnect the calling and the called, subscribers lines.

14. In a telephone exchange system the combination of calling and called subscribers lines and stations, impulse sending means at the stations, automatic switching mechanism responsive to saidsending means for interconnecting the lines and stations, an operators position, and means for connecting a calling subscribers station to said operator s position comprising secondary automatic switches associated with the operator-ls position, means for selecting an idle secondary switch and rendering the same operative, and a special switch foactuating the selecting means, said special switch being rendered active upon the initiation oil. a call and arranged to actuate the selecting means after the lapse of an. interval of time from the initiation of a Hill and upon failure of the calling subscriber to operate the sending device at his station, and means accessible to the operator for from the calling to the called subscribers' the calling subscribers line,-

to the called subscriber.

completing the connection from the calling 15. In a. telephone exchange system combination of calling and called subscribers lines-and stations, impulse sending de- -vices at the stations, automatic switching cation between the operator and the calling subscriber, and means accessible to the operator for directing the action of the automatic switching mechanism to connect the calhng subscribers line with the wanted line and station.

16. In a telephone exchange system, the combination of calling and wanted sub scribers stations and lines, impulse sending means at a calling subscribers station, an operators position, means For connectin a calling line to the operators position ailer the lapse of an interval of time from the initiation of a call and upon the failure ofstation, an impulse sending device at the calling subscribers station, an operators position, an automatic switch, a relay for starting the-operation. of the automatic switch upon the initiation of a call, and means including a relay rendered operative after said switch has operated for an interval of. time from the initiation of the c'alland upon failure of the subscriber to operate the sending device, for connecting the calling line to j the operators position, and means controlled by the operator for completlng the connec:

-. tion from the calling to the called subscriber.

18. In a telephone exchange system the combination of calling and called subscribers lines and stations, impulse sending means at certain of the stations, automatic switching mechanism responsive to said sen .5 lines and stations, an operators position including signals, keys and atelephone set, means for connecting acalhng line having means for intgrconnecting certain an impulse sending means associated therewith to ,the operators position, said connecting means comprlslng secondary switches,

means for'selecting an idle secondary switch a special switch, a relay for starting said special switch upon the initiation of a calland a second relay rendered operative for actuating said selecting means after the lapse of an interval of'time from the initiation of a call and upon failure of the calling subscriber to operate the sending means at his station, one of said signals being actuated when the calling line is connected to the operators position and disabled and another signal actuated when one of said keys is operated, and a sending means arranged to be connected by another key to operate the automatic switching mechanism and connect the calling line with the wanted line.

19. In a telephone exchange system the combination of subscribers lines and stations, impulse sending means at the stations, automatic switching mechanismv responsive to said impulse sending means for inter connecting the lines and stations, an operators position, means for connecting a calling subscribers line to the operators position including secondary automatic switches, means for selecting an idle secondary automatic switch and actuating the same, a

special switch, electro-magnetic means for starting and operating the special switch upon-initiation of a call at one' of said stations, means for, rendering. the selecting meansoperative after the lapse of an interval of time from the initiation of; a call and upon failure of the calling subscriber to operate the sending device at his station, means for disabling the special switch and selecting means when an idle secondary switch has been connected to the calling line, means accessible to the'operator for completing connection from the calling to the called subscriber, and means for restoring the secondary switch to normal position after the completion of the connection.

20. In a telephone exchange system the combination of subscribers. calling and called lines and stations, impulse sending means at certain of said stations, an operators position, means forconnecting a. calling subscribers line which has a sending means associated therewith, .to ators position comprising an automatic switch, means for starting the operation of said automatic switch upon the initiation ofa call at a station having a sending means associated therewith, and means associated with said switch and operable after the said operof an interval of time iii-om the initiaa call and upon failure of the suhlibel, to operate the sending device at his station for indicating to the operator that he SillJSGIllJGM calling desires to commnni- :Gate with the opei atoc and means controlled :by the operator for completing the connecm from the calling subscriber to .the subscrihers line and station desired.

21* Inv a telephone exchange stem the omhination of a calling subscILere line ind station, a called St1l)SC]. ll)BIl"S line and tation, an impala sending device at the g snhsc hers staton, an operators po sition, a trunk line tori. hating at the oper- JUN- l; position, and means for connecting the calling suhsci'ihei"s line to the trunk; line comprising a sli'lecial switch rendered open H ative upon the origination. of a call, and means at the operators position. for comhe; the connection from the calling subieis station to the wanted or called. sab- Je s station gihizlne enchange system the ,1. a calling suhsci'lhers line "i an 1 'ugiulse sendl ed suhscrihel' s line, an op in, a, trunk line terminating at on, an autoi no switch I the calling he with said trimh line 1 s for starting and operating the automatic s'witoh upon the .lllllllil' ion of call. at the calling suhserihers on, and means render-ed active after the upon fillure of the subthe sending device at his ope'ntor that H lg tocomimunioperator, in. ans for connecting "ie to th ti'unhand to the op-- erntonrs posi if a means at the open i; position for completing the coni'lection calling and called snhsaizi'ihers l. of call and 'l'ione exchange system the a call i suhsci-ihers line and tatlon equipped. Wltll il'npulse sending I, .s, a, u'ai'ilecil suhscrihefis line and stasiLt'i'ni, an operati' position equippeifl with QGlilll? nuilie I d ln-eah iniains, tlllllli: line l. to he ca'mnected to the calling-subvnd 'tci'minatii'lg at the open 1. lion, signaling means' actuated a lapse of an interval of time :lfi'oi'n often the initiation of a call. at the calling Sill) failure of the scrihers station and upon subscriber to operate the sending device at his station "for indicating that the calling subscr'iliiei' to coinn'niuiicate with the operate and means under control oi? the o irelratoi for cinnpleting the co'nnec ion from the call! I to the called suhsmaheWs line.

so of an interval oi time from the initia mperatmrs position,

24:. In a telephone exchange system, the combination of a: calling suhs'cribers line and station equipped with an impulse sendin means acallod suhscrihefis station, au-

tomatic switching mechanism responsive to the sending means for interconnecting the lines and stations, an o 'ierators position provided with a control circuit and asso ciated keys, a trunk line adapted to be connected to a calling suhscribers line and ten minating at the operators position, a spe cial automatic switch for interconnecting the calling line, with said trunk line, means 'IFOI' starting and operating said specialsn'itch upon initiation of a call at the calling sl'lhsoriljiers station, and incansfor in- (heating that the calling SLlbSCllbGll' desires to conm'unncate with the operator, said 1n dioating means rel'ldei'ed imeitative after the lapse of an. intei 'al of time from the initiation ot a call and upon. faihn'e of the calling subscriber to operate the sending device at his statiom and meansineludmg a pulse seiuiling n'lcai'ls, automatic switching mechainsul responsive to said unpnl sc sendfor interconnecting the lines, an-

mg means operator-s position provided with telephone set and associated keys for answering the calling snhsoiriher and controlling the automatic switching niechai'lism, a trunk line ada i'lted to he cminccted to the calling sub- SClllJQi line and tei-rmnating at the operators position. means for connecting the calling line to said. trunk line, and indieating means at the operators position rendered active after the lapse of a predetcn mined interval of time from the initiation of a :all and. upon failure of the calling enlist nor to (nieratethe sending means at his station, and. impulse sending means arranged to he controlled by the operator to Llll" at the action of the automatic switchinn: mechanism. when the line wanted is 2U In a telephone exchange system the combination of a-ca lling suhscrihers line provided with impulsesending means, an a trunk line adapted to he comieotcd to the calling subscribers line i and iermii'lating at the opei'"ato1;-"s position, other. subscribe lines, coi'meoting means nude!" the control of the operator for intercaninecting the callingsuhscribers station. to said o 'ieli'atofis position upon the origina- :1 oi? a call and upon failure of the calling 

